2 Post Khushal Era

Afzal Khan Khattak (1665-1741)

Afzal Khan Khattak (Pashto: افضل خان, 1665-1741) was a Pashtun chief of the Khattak tribe, poet in Pashto, and author of Târikh-e murassa تاریخ مرصع (The Bejeweled History). He was the eldest son of Ashraf Khan HIjri اشرف خان ھجری(1044-1105/1635 to 1693–94). In 1083/1672-73 Ashraf succeeded his father Khushal Khan in the chieftaincy of the Khattak tribe, but in 1092/1681 …

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The Mughal Empire and the Khattak Tribe

The annals of history are woven with the threads of interplay between diverse cultures, communities, and empires. Among the many stories that have shaped the subcontinent’s past, the intricate relationship between the Mughal Empire and the Khattak tribe emerges as a fascinating chapter. The Khattak tribe, a prominent Pashtun group hailing from the rugged terrain that stretches across parts of …

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The Life of Khushal Khan Khattak

The life of Khushal Khan Khattak

Khoshal Khān Khaṭak (1613 – 25 February 1689; Pashto: خوشال خان خټک), also known as Khushal Baba (Pashto: خوشال بابا), was a Pashtun (پشتون)poet, chief, and warrior. Khushal Khan served the Mughal Empire protecting them from Pashtun warriors over most of his lifespan. After being expelled from his tribal chiefdom and replaced with his son by his Mughal superiors, Khushal Khan turned against the Mughals. Afterwards, Khushal preached the …

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Sikh-Pashtoon Clashes

Sikh pashtoon clashes

Over the millennia the Indian Sub-continent., multiple invasions from Persia, Central Asia and Afghanistan, Alexander, the Kushanas and Mahmud of Ghazni, all traversed the Pukhtun border lands during their eras. Less often, these areas were under the influence and control of powers from North India and the Punjab. The Sikh Empire based in Lahore occupied the Peshawar Valley from 1823 …

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